Basic Cilostazol Information

• **INN (International Nonproprietary Name):** Cilostazol • **Brand names available in Canada:** Pletal • **ATC Code:** B01AC23 • **Forms & dosages:** Tablets (100 mg, film-coated) • **Manufacturers in Canada:** Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Accord Healthcare • **Registration status in Canada:** Approved by Health Canada • **OTC / Rx classification:** Prescription only (Rx)

Latest Research Highlights on Cilostazol

Recent studies have underscored the effectiveness of cilostazol for managing intermittent claudication associated with peripheral artery disease (PAD). The findings from Canadian trials conducted between 2022 and 2025 show impressive advancements in walking distances among patients using cilostazol, all without severe adverse effects. A systematic review further emphasizes these results, revealing a 30% increase in walking ability when compared to a placebo. This data is particularly significant given the rising concerns around vascular health within Canadian demographics. Moreover, supporting research from international studies reinforces these results. The dual mechanism of cilostazol—a combination of antiplatelet and vasodilatory actions—has been shown to enhance clinical outcomes, making it a promising option for individuals suffering from PAD. A comparative analysis of these studies could provide valuable insights. Creating a table that juxtaposes the results from Canadian trials against international data can be a helpful visual aid for understanding cilostazol's impact more deeply.

Clinical Effectiveness in Canada

Health Canada lists cilostazol as an approved prescription medication, affirming its established efficacy in treating PAD. The Drug Identification Number (DIN) specifically assigned to Pletal—that's the brand name under which cilostazol is marketed—indicates its regulated status within the country. This approval means it is accessible through various provincial health plans, including initiatives like the Ontario Drug Benefit and BC PharmaCare. Clinical guidelines released by the Canadian Cardiovascular Society strongly advocate for its use when managing intermittent claudication. Importantly, studies focusing on Canadian patients reveal a favorable side effect profile, which promotes better adherence to treatment. Here are some key insights from Health Canada's monograph and provincial formularies regarding cilostazol:

• Approved dosage: 100 mg taken orally twice daily.
• Available through provincial health care plans.
• Endorsed by Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines.
• Favorable side effect profile noted in various clinical studies.

Indications and Expanded Uses

Cilostazol primarily addresses intermittent claudication resulting from peripheral artery disease (PAD). While recent discussions and practices have introduced some off-label uses—such as for adjunctive treatment in conditions like coronary artery disease—it's vital to approach these scenarios cautiously. Guidelines within Canada predominantly highlight its intended use for bipolar claudication. Recent studies have notably pointed out cilostazol’s effectiveness, particularly in rural areas where access to comprehensive vascular treatments may not be readily available. To clarify the appropriate applications of cilostazol, a definition list can be beneficial:

Indications for Use

- **Primary Indication:** Management of intermittent claudication due to PAD.

Potential Off-Label Uses

- Adjunctive treatment for coronary artery disease (requires caution and tailored assessment). Regulations concerning off-label prescriptions should always be observed to ensure patient safety and compliance.

Composition and Brand Landscape

In Canada, cilostazol is offered under the brand name Pletal, available in 100 mg film-coated tablets. Understanding the various international equivalents, such as Cilozan in Italy and Cilostazol Bluefish in Poland, can enhance comprehension of the broader market availability. Patients often prefer to know the inactive ingredients as well, especially those with allergies or sensitivities. The presence of generic alternatives also merits mention, as these can offer competitive pricing in Canada and influence patient decision-making concerning their treatment. In summarizing local versus international brand names, packaging, and formulations, the following comparison may be valuable:

Country	Brand Name	Strength & Form
Canada	Pletal	100 mg tablets (bottles or blisters)
Italy	Pletal, Cilozan	Compresse 100 mg (blisters)
Poland	Cilostazol Bluefish	Tabletki 100 mg (packs of 56)

Tracking various alternatives and their formulations can empower patients to make informed choices regarding their vascular health treatment.

Contraindications & Special Precautions

Cilostazol carries some serious warnings when it comes to who should use it. There are absolute contraindications that must be recognized, primarily including:

• Congestive heart failure (any grade)
• Severe hepatic or renal impairment
• Known hypersensitivity reactions

Patients in certain demographics require additional caution. For example, the elderly and Indigenous communities in Canada are highlighted in Canadian guidelines. These populations may experience higher risk, making monitoring essential for any adverse effects that may arise.

Health Canada has provided specific recommendations for practitioners:

• Patients with a history of severe health issues should be carefully assessed before starting cilostazol.
• Regular monitoring for side effects in high-risk groups is advised during treatment.

A recent study in Canada examined the prevalence of side effects among various communities, shedding light on the importance of vigilance. Understanding these contraindications and special precautions can significantly impact patient outcomes, making it crucial for healthcare providers to stay informed.

Dosage Guidelines

For those using cilostazol in Canada, the standard prescription is clear-cut: 100 mg taken orally twice daily. It's essential to take these doses about 30 minutes before meals for maximum efficacy. Adjustments may be necessary, particularly in the elderly or individuals with mild to moderate hepatic impairment.

Adhering to Canadian dosing schedules is vital, especially since these can differ from those in other countries. Healthcare providers should consider provincial guidelines to tailor treatment approaches effectively.

Patient Group	Dosage Adjustment
Elderly	Consider careful monitoring with potential dosage changes
Mild/Moderate Hepatic Impairment	Adjust based on clinical evaluation

Consistency in these practices encourages adherence to treatment plans and helps ensure patient safety throughout the treatment period.

Interactions Overview

When it comes to cilostazol, interactions can pose a challenge and may increase the risk of side effects. One notable interaction to be aware of is with grapefruit juice, which can hinder the metabolism of the drug, leading to potential complications.

Considering Canada's diverse diet, it's imperative for patients to be informed about these interactions. Health Canada regularly updates drug interaction warnings, reinforcing the importance of patient education regarding multiple medications.

• Grapefruit juice - may increase the concentration of cilostazol
• Other antiplatelet agents - caution is needed when used simultaneously

Healthcare providers should thoroughly discuss potential interaction risks with their patients, ensuring they understand the importance of adhering to medical guidelines around concurrent use with other medications.

Cultural Perceptions & Patient Habits

In Canada, cultural attitudes towards cilostazol can be quite different among various communities. Many patients express a preference for natural remedies over pharmaceuticals, leading to hesitancy in adhering to medication regimens. Discussions on platforms like forums and Reddit reveal varying perspectives, particularly among those who lean toward holistic health solutions.

Rural populations often face additional challenges related to access and the availability of pharmacies. Those living in remote areas may find it difficult to obtain properly prescribed medication, impacting treatment adherence.

Feedback from community groups about the use of cilostazol can help healthcare providers tailor their patient education initiatives. A visual representation of pharmacy access disparities between urban and rural communities could shed light on where the focus needs to be, improving overall healthcare delivery.

Population	Access to Pharmacies
Urban	Better access and availability
Rural	Limited access, more challenges

Understanding these cultural perceptions and patient habits is key for effective communication and successful treatment outcomes.

Availability & Pricing Patterns

Cilostazol, commonly known as Pletal, is a prescription-based medication primarily found in major pharmacy chains such as Shoppers Drug Mart, Rexall, Jean Coutu, and London Drugs throughout Canada. Pricing can fluctuate based on the region, but online Canadian pharmacies frequently showcase competitive rates compared to their in-store counterparts. A noteworthy observation is that when comparing prices across borders, Canadian pricing typically remains lower than that in the US. This makes cilostazol a suitable option for patients aiming for affordable management of peripheral artery disease (PAD).

City	Region	Delivery Time
Toronto	Ontario	5–7 days
Vancouver	British Columbia	5–7 days
Montreal	Quebec	5–7 days
Calgary	Alberta	5–7 days
Ottawa	Ontario	5–7 days
Edmonton	Alberta	5–7 days
Winnipeg	Manitoba	5–7 days
Quebec City	Quebec	5–9 days
Halifax	Nova Scotia	5–9 days
Victoria	British Columbia	5–9 days
St. John's	Newfoundland	5–9 days
Regina	Saskatchewan	5–9 days
Fredericton	New Brunswick	5–9 days
Thunder Bay	Ontario	5–9 days

Comparable Medicines and Preferences

When considering alternatives for cilostazol, two primary competitors come to mind: clopidogrel and dipyridamole. Both medications provide distinct mechanisms for antiplatelet management applicable to various vascular conditions. The choice between these options often hinges on individual patient requirements and personal preferences. In clinical practices across Canada, healthcare providers typically evaluate unique patient needs, existing health conditions, and lifestyle factors when making a prescription choice.

Introducing a pros and cons checklist could significantly boost patient comprehension regarding these medications. For instance:

• Cilostazol: Effective for PAD but may cause headaches.
• Clopidogrel: Well-studied but might lead to gastrointestinal issues.
• Dipyridamole: Helpful for vascular health but requires dosing consideration.

FAQ Section

Patients often have several questions surrounding cilostazol, and addressing these can greatly increase their understanding and adherence to their treatment plan. Here are some common inquiries:

What is the duration of treatment with cilostazol? Typically, the medication is used long-term but requires periodic evaluations by healthcare providers.

Can I take cilostazol with other medications? It’s crucial to consult a healthcare provider about potential interactions with other drugs.

What should I do if I miss a dose? If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered, unless it's close to the next dose; never double dose.

Guidelines for Proper Use

Receiving proper advice from pharmacists is key for cilostazol users to ensure optimal outcomes and management of PAD. Key aspects to discuss include:

• Potential side effects
• Correct administration techniques
• Strategies for adherence to prescribed regimens

Reviewing treatment plans through periodic assessments is encouraged to adapt strategies as necessary, ensuring that patient health remains a priority.